托福写作考试的结构和模版总结分析

  这篇贴文是我在8月1日至8月19日准备8T过程中总结出的，希望能对准备托福的同学们有些许帮助。 （考过GRE者勿参考）

　　此篇目的：

　　1、提高写作速度

　　2、屡清写作思路

　　3、分清三类写作　

　　一、 对立类 （就一个事物判断是与否agree or disagree）

　　1、开头

　　A.(GM)

　　With the development/introduction…, xxx, the xxx, are more and more +adj/ become adj increasingly. Xxx often face the dilemma of whether to vt …… with all aspects carefully considered, I believe that……/ I think to vt what would be a better choice.

　　B．在日常生活中，有很多值得我们去推敲判断的问题。就像我们看到上文作者提出的问题时，你会如何认为？（有的人认为……；也有的人认为……；）就我的经验而言，如下的考虑方向使得我认为……。（中文文字来自太傻）

　　In daily life /during our life, so many problems are worth considering carefully. As what has been come up with, when you face/when it comes to /there is a public debate today that/recently the problem has been brought into focus that… ……what is your choice and what is your opinion? Some hold the view that/some think………..while the others believe that………. However, with all aspects carefully considered, I believe that……………

　　零碎的句子：A is a common way of ….., but is it a wise one？ Some people hold the different view……

　　C. (excellent) 如果发现可以用到反问排比就这样套句,前提是你的例子足够多，头脑风暴用的又好又快。

　　Have you ever been to ……/have you ever + 过去分词/received/faced/experienced……

　　If you had never had these experiences, you would never know/ feel/ learn/ realize/ understand……+how much fun/interesting/significant……xxx could bring you.

　　2. 正文写作(body)

　　A类 第一段

　　开头中心句多用when vt+ed with xxx, ……(结果)/when taking xxx as ……+（结果）。这个结果就是本段的中心。(注意主题避免过细否则下面不好写)

其他开头：Nowadays there is a growing awareness that…

　　It is time we explore the truth of

　　然后举例选不同的角色 例如equipped with xxx, a student may+vt/ a researcher may/ a teacher may

　　中间穿插对比例如 which, if done with xxx(对立方)/which, if completed with xxx/if taken by, may well need/cost/waste much time/money/vigor/energy……多用比较级比较。When it comes to the condition that… xxx is more adj/better… than…

　　The advantages for A outweigh than B when sth is concerned/when we consider …

　　The advantages of A outweigh that of B when……………

　　段尾重申主题。事实上是换个角度和说法，with the development of xxx，such as increase of………., the condition can be 被动/ more adj, whereas +原来条件的限制或对立面的不足。

　　第二段

　　………….but that is only part of the reality, another equally important aspect is………

　　A is but one of the many effects, another is…………

　　Another advantage of choosing A is obviously seen when you…….

　　Besides, other reasons are……..

　　在段落中的承接：

　　what is more, furthermore, besides, also……….

　　For instance, such as, a good case in point is… a particular example for this is……….(这些大家都知道的，就不再赘述了，都有点恶心了，吼吼)

　　更高级的承接：

　　suppose/imagine that…(自定义类经常用到，大家可以体会)

　　just imagine what it would be like if……

　　it is reasonable to expect….

　　it is not surprising that……

　　no wonder that……...

　　更多的主题开头

　　in fact, xxx is the reader’s major concern

　　unlike xxx, xxx2(同谓语), aaa may vt

　　以后几段少写一些

　　最后一个例证段的开头：the last but not the least………..

　　在段落中的自问自答可以有效地证明自己的观点。

　　Why……The answer to this problem involves many factors. The first reason can be obviously seen

　　Most people would agree that…. Some people may neglect that…. in fact……other suggest that……

　　Part of explanation is ………

　　过渡段（A类可以没有或很少如果你在每个段子中都又对比，B类(见下)＝让步段）

　　如果段与段都是同一个观点：to understand the truth of…., it is also important to see…..

　　what is more, a study of …..will make this point clearer

　　如果我们转到另一方说对立面地优点：certainly/of course, xxx has its own advantages, such as……..+however,+ 我的观点

　　I do not deny that xxx has its own merits such as … but…

　　Admittedly…xxx also play an important role in ……..

　　B类 其他结构及应急措施

　　如果时间不够用（开头用了过多时间例如超过7分钟了）

　　我们不用避讳first/for one thing, second/also, third/what is more

　　我们先列出三个优点，在最后写出对立方的不足

　　例如：of course, xxx give us/ bring us………….说一些对立方的优点。在结尾最终敲定你的观点也不迟。例如But , as xxx, we should / do not /we had better.总之，我们的结尾就像是在画一道九曲十八弯的江水（说得有点夸张），但最终她是要流向大海的。

　　3　结尾（A类＝让步＋结论 B类＝结论）

　　A类中的让步同样可以这样：of course, xxx give us…/ xxx, certainly, has its own merits/advantages. 后面 ＋ 一大堆“一句话例子”。最后however, for xxx, xxx, equipped with more merits like ……can be more reasonably treated as a wiser choice./I therefore reinforce my standpoint to choose xxx as my final choice (for the ……to ….)

　　B类中只有结论：一定是转折开头but ,as xxx, we had better……<