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 朗阁海外考试研究中心  

如何做好雅思填空题,是许多“烤鸭们”头痛的事。多的阅读填空题,掌握技巧才是关键。

在之前的论文中,朗阁海外考试研究中心的专家详细讲解了雅思阅读中填空题的特点以及相对的做题技巧,本文中将主要讲解这种技巧在实战中的应用。在解释应用之前先回顾一下此题型的特点和做题技巧:

 

一、summary填空题的题型特点及做题技巧回顾

 

summary填空题的题型特点如下:

 

1、题目会清晰地告诉考生在空格里填几个词(此题是ONE WORD ONLY;另外两种可能是NO MORE THAN TWO/THREE WORDS)。

2、空格里所填的词几乎100%是原文中的原词,因为题目里说到from the passage for each answer;偶尔会出现例外情况,会填文章中某个词的衍生词。

3、空格里90%的情况下填的是名词。因为出题人在出题的时候会想法设法通过同义替换的方式把原文中的动词和形容词换掉,从而起到用词不同、句意一致、同时增加难度的效果。而在这种情况下,名词一般不会被换掉,而会变成题目让考生在文章当中寻找。

4、填空题的出题顺序和原文的顺序一致。这是雅思考试非常人性化的一种设置,这也为考生做这种题型减少了一定定位上的难度。

 

summary填空题的做题方法:

 

1、确定第一个题目的定位词。因为确定完第一道题在文章中的位置后,其他题目一定会在第一道题之后出现。

2、根据空格前后的名词定位空格上填的词,要特别注意空格前后出现的修饰关系。

3、注意空格前出现的冠词a/an/the,因为冠词后一定会出现名词,所以一般情况下,如果题目空格前出现了a/an/the,文章中对应的答案前也会出现相应的冠词,特别定冠词the

4、如果题目空格前或者后出现了介词of,那么文章中对应的答案前或后也可能会出现介词of,因为of在名词前后出现表示一种修饰关系,文章中一般不会换掉。

5、注意题目所在句子里的逻辑关系,一般常见为并列关系、因果关系和转折关系,因为题目出现这种逻辑关系,文章中相对应的句子一般也会出现这种逻辑关系,可以根据这些对应的逻辑关系词来定位。

6、注意题目句子和文章句子中的同义替换词,一般是同义词替换和衍生词替换。

 

二、summary填空题做题技巧的实战应用

 

例文是:剑5真题集TEST2第三篇文章

 

Complete the summary.

Choose NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS from the passage for each answer.

In Europe, modern science emerged at the same time as the nation state. At first, the scientific language of choice remained  28 . It allowed scientists to communicate with other socially privileged thinkers while protecting their work from unwanted exploitation. Sometimes the desire to protect ideas seems to have been stronger than the desire to communicate them, particularly in the case of mathematicians and  29 . In Britain, moreover, scientists worried that English had neither the  3  nor the  31  to express their ideas. This situation only changed after 1660 when scientists associated with the  32  set about developing English. An early scientific journal fostered a new kind of writing based on short descriptions of specific experiments. Although English was then overtaken by  33 , it developed again in the 19th century as a direct result of the  34 .

 

做题技巧的应用:

先找到28题所在句子中有可能在文章里出现或被替换的单词,此时,比较重要的词是at first”(如果文章题目中出现与最初相关的词,文章中一般都会被换掉scientific language of choice。因为这是整篇文章的第一题,所以从文章开始找,在文章的第五段开头找到了这样的一个句子:There were several reasons why original science continued to be written in Latin.文章和题目出现了明显的对应关系,at first对应original,题目中的scientific language of choice对应文章中的science continued to be written in Latin,所以28题填Latin

 

根据顺序原则,29题在28题之后,又根据定位词mathematicians和并列关系词and”(做题技巧5,可以确定29题应该填一种与mathematicians相对应的另一种人,在文章第6段找到了And in the mid-17th century it was common practice for mathematicians to keep their discoveries and proofs secret, by writing them.... Some scientists might have felt more comfortable with Latin precisely because its audience, though international, was socially restricted. Doctors clung the most keenly to Latin as an 'insider language'.在这三句话中,与mathematicians相对应的有两种人——scientistsdoctors,根据29题之前the desire to protect ideas seems to have been stronger than the desire to communicate them与文章里Doctors clung the most keenly to Latin as an 'insider language'.中的insider language对应关系,所以29题应该填doctors”。

 

30题和31题是一对否定并列关系(做题技巧5),而且两个空格的前面都出现了定冠词the(做题技巧3),所以文章中所填的词前面也极有可能出现定冠词the,根据题目中的定位词In Britain, scientists worried that English had neither...”,可以定位到文章中的English was not well equipped to deal with scientific argument. First, it lacked the necessary technical vocabulary. Second, it lacked the grammatical resources required to represent the world in an objective and impersonal waylacked对应had neither...nor...,所以3031题应该分别填technical vocabularygrammatical resources

 

32题所在句子中的associated with the  32 是用来修饰scientists的(做题技巧2),根据顺序原则32题在31题之后,又根据年代after 1660,所以对应文章中第七段里的Although a proposal in 1664 to establish a committee for improving the English language came to little, the society's members did a great deal to foster the publication of science in English and to encourage the development of a suitable writing style.,根据意思的对应关系是与society(在文章指的是Royal Society)有关的members开始去发展英语,正好对应题目中的 32 有联系的科学家开始发展英语,所以32题填Royal Society

 

最后的33题和34题在一句话中,此句中出现了转折关系词although”(做题技巧5,又因为数字19th century的辅助定位,最终定位在文章最后一段话It is estimated that by the end of the 18th century 401 German scientific journals had been established as opposed to 96 in France and 50 in England. However, in the 19th century scientific English again enjoyed substantial lexical growth as the industrial revolution created the need for new technical vocabulary,...,因为although后面的部分相当于however前面的部分,although后逗号后面的部分相当于however后面的部分,根据意思的理解,英语应该是被German所超过,而英语再一次发展”是作为industrial revolution的结果。所以33题和34题的答案分别是Germanindustrial revolution

 

希望通过这篇文章的讲解,各位考生能对summary填空的做题方法及步骤有深入的了解,其他题型的特点和做题方法随后朗阁海外考试研究中心的专家将会一一介绍。

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