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朗阁海外考试研究中心
新托福阅读词汇量很大，对于考生来说要想攻克阅读难关，词汇是备考的重点，然后新托福解题还要找准技巧。朗阁名师为大家分析“新托福阅读植物类的解题方式”，希望对大家有所帮助。
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文章标题 |
Minerals and Plants |
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所属话题 |
生命科学类之植物类 |
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文章体裁 |
科技说明文 |
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文章结构 |
分类式 |
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难度系数 |
文章难度★★★★ 题目难度：★★★ |
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各题型数量 |
词汇题（4题） 直接事实题（4题） 推论题（1题） 句子简化题（1题） 修辞目的题（2题） 插入文本题（1题） 摘要题（1题） |
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高频话题词 总结 |
mineral 矿物，矿物质 absorb 吸收 notoriously 臭名昭著地，声名狼藉地 deficient 缺乏的，缺少的，不足的 nutrient 养分，营养，营养物 tolerate 忍受，忍耐 depletion 消耗，耗尽 deficiency 缺乏，缺少 detect 发现，觉察，察觉 specific 特殊的，特有的，具体的 exhibit 呈现 symptom 症状 accumulation 堆积，聚集 characterize 具有…的特征 selectively 有选择地，选择性地 omit 省略，排除 facilitate 便利，促进，助长 suspend 挂起 overabundance 过剩，过于丰富 toxic 有毒的 concentration 浓度，集中 amass 积累，积聚 contaminate 污染 environmentally friendly 环保的 target 目标，对象 abandoned 被抛弃的，被遗弃的 irrigation 灌溉 relocate 迁移，搬迁 harvest 收割，丰收，收成 remove 去掉，清除 compost 把…制成堆肥 cultivation 耕作，栽培 restore 还原，复原，恢复 excavation 挖掘 reburial 再掩埋 |
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长难句 |
1. Acroponics, a technique in which plants are suspended and the roots misted with a nutrient solution, is another method for growing plants without soil. 分析：主句为“Acroponics is another method for growing plants without soil”，“a technique in which plants are suspended and the roots misted with a nutrient solution,”为Acroponics的同位语；而在此同位语中“in which plants are suspended and the roots misted with a nutrient solution”为定语从句，做a technique的定语，关系词为which。
2. A survey of known hyper accumulators identified that 75 percent of them amassed nickel, cobalt, copper, zinc, manganese, lead, and cadmium are other minerals of choice. 分析：本句主句为“A survey of known hyper accumulators identified that…”；其中“that 75 percent of them amassed nickel, cobalt, copper, zinc, manganese, lead, and cadmium are other minerals of choice”为that引导的宾语从句，做identified that的宾语。
3. Only recently have investigators considered using these plants to clean up soil and waste sites that have been contaminated by toxic levels of heavy metals – an environmentally friendly approach known as phytoremediation. 分析：该句为倒装句，only放句首倒装，陈述句语序的主句为“investigators have considered using these plants to clean up soil and waste sites”；“that have been contaminated by toxic levels of heavy metals”定语从句，做soil and waste sites的定语，关系词为that；破折号后的内容“an environmentally friendly approach known as phytoremediation”为附加补充信息。 |
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生命科学类之其他话题 |
昆虫（蚂蚁信息素、蚂蚁交流、蜜蜂交流、蝴蝶多样性） 鸟类（始祖鸟、人工孵化、鸟类换毛、欺骗战术、筑巢、迁徙、鸣叫） 水生动物（浮游生物、鳟鱼、鱼类体液、海豚） 动物习性（认知能力、哺育后代、工具使用、保温机制、生物钟、拟态行为、摄食行为、蝙蝠和寄生虫、捕食最优化） 灭绝与进化（史前人类活动导致巨型动物灭绝、物种灭绝、动物体型进化、物种适应性） 植物（菌类、苔藓、植物的积极防御和消极防御） 动植物关系（动植物间的互利与共生） 其他生命（菌类、生命起源） 生物学原理（物种分类方法，物种适应性） |
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文章标题 |
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所属话题 |
社会科学类之历史类（人口变化） |
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文章体裁 |
科技说明文 |
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文章结构 |
比较/对比 |
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难度系数 |
文章难度★★★ 题目难度：★★★★ |
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各题型数量 |
词汇题（4题） 直接事实题（1题） 否定排除题（3题） 句子简化题（1题） 修辞目的题（2题） 推理题（1题） 插入文本题（1题） 摘要题（1题） |
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高频话题词 总结 |
consist of 包含 primarily 主要地 speculation 推测，猜测 origin 起源，来源 encounter 遭遇，遇到 fanciful 不现实的，奇怪的，幻想的 mutually 互相地 exclusive 排外的，排他的 devise 发明，策划，想出 implicitly 含蓄地 deprecate 不赞成，否决 navigational 航海的，航行的 migration 迁移，迁徙 drift 漂流，飘移 overwhelming 压倒性的，势不可挡的 domesticate 驯养，驯化，培育 implement 工具，器械，手段 prerequisite 先决条件，前提 originate 起源，来自，产生 emerge 出现，形成 cultivate 耕作，种植 foundation 基础 maritime 海的，海运的 adaptation 适应 voyage 航海，航行 accidentally 偶然地 accomplish 实现，完成 deliberate 故意的，蓄意的，深思熟虑的 expedition 远征，探险，考察 simulation 仿真，模拟，模拟分析 derive 源自，来自 undisputed 无可置疑的，毫无疑问的 |
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长难句 |
1. In 1947 Norwegian adventurer Thor Heyerdahl drifted on a balsa-log raft westward with the winds and currents across the Pacific from South America to prove his theory that Pacific islanders were Native Americans (also called American Indians). 分析：主句为“Norwegian adventurer Thor Heyerdahl drifted on a balsa-log raft westward with the winds and currents across the Pacific from South America”；“to prove his theory that Pacific islanders were Native Americans (also called American Indians).”为目的状语；其中“that Pacific islanders were Native Americans (also called American Indians)”为that引导的同位语从句，做his theory的同位语。
2. The culture of that time, based on archaeology and linguistic reconstruction, is assumed to have had a broad inventory of cultivated plants including taro, yarns, banana, sugarcane, breadfruit, coconut, sago, and rice. 分析：本句主句为“The culture of that time is assumed to have had a broad inventory of cultivated plants”；“based on archaeology and linguistic reconstruction”过去分词短语作定语；“including taro, yarns, banana, sugarcane, breadfruit, coconut, sago, and rice”为现在分词短语作定语。
3. Contrary to the arguments of some that much of the pacific was settled by Polynesians accidentally marooned after being lost and adrift, it seems reasonable that this feat was accomplished by deliberate colonization expeditions that set out fully stocked with food and domesticated plants and animals. 分析：此句主句为“it seems reasonable that this feat was accomplished by deliberate colonization expeditions”，其中it为形式主语，真正的主语为that引导的主语从句“that this feat was accomplished by deliberate colonization expeditions”；“that set out fully stocked with food and domesticated plants and animals.”为定语从句，做expeditions的定语，关系词为that；“Contrary to the arguments of some that much of the pacific was settled by Polynesians accidentally marooned after being lost and adrift”为状语。 |
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社会科学之 历史类的 其他话题 |
城市历史（工业化，城市化，交通等） 农业历史（农民，水利建设，农业发展，水稻种植） 原住民及其文明（移民与原住居民融合，印加文明，印第安人） 行业历史（工作时间变化，早期工匠，早期报纸，经济发展史，工具机械化生产，贸易的形成） 经济发展与工业革命（工业革命，农业经济转向工业经济） 历史事件（人类发现美洲大陆等） 其他文明及历史（墨西哥文艺革命，中国，日本，埃及） |
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