朗阁海外考试研究中心
文章标题 |
Architecture(TPO3 Passage1) |
所属话题 |
社会科学类之建筑 |
文章体裁 |
科技说明文 |
文章结构 |
原因(cause)/结果(effect) |
难度系数 |
文章难度★★★★ 题目难度:★★★★ |
各题型数量 |
词汇题(5题) 直接事实题(3题) 否定排除题(1题) 推论题(1题) 句子简化题(1题) 修辞目的题(1题) 插入文本题(1题) 摘要题(1题) |
高频话题词 总结 |
architecture 建筑学 enclose 包围,围住,封闭 symbolic 象征的,象征性的 character 特点,特色,特征 utilize 利用,使用 harmony 协调,一致,和谐 instinctive 天生的,本能的,直觉的 feasible 可行的,可能的 contemporary 当代的,现代的,同时代的 dramatically 突如其来的,引人注目的 devise 想出,设计 objective 客观的 withstand 经受,承受 integral 基本的,构成整体所必需的 enormous 巨大的,极大的,很多的 ease 轻松,舒适,容易 minimum 最低限度,最小量 comparable 可比较的,比得上的 interior 内部,里面 vital 必要的,至关重要的 permanence 永久,持久 arduous 艰巨的,难克服的 overcome 克服 extensively 广泛地 perfect 使…完美 semicircular 半圆的 horizontal 水平的,地平线的 divert 使转移 vertical 垂直的,竖立的 breakthrough 突破,穿透 characterize 具有…的特征,描述…的特征 |
长难句 |
1. In order for the structure to achieve the size and strength necessary to meet its purpose, architecture employs methods of support that, because they are based on physical laws, have changed little since people first discovered them—even while building materials have changed dramatically.
分析:主句为architecture employs methods of support;In order for the structure to achieve the size and strength necessary to meet its purpose为不定式做目的状语;“that, because they are based on physical laws, have changed little since people first discovered them—even while building materials have changed dramatically”为定语从句,做methods of support的定语,关系词为that;在此定语从句中,“because they are based on physical laws”为because引导的原因状语从句;“since people first discovered them”为since引导的时间状语从句;“while building materials have changed dramatically”为while引导的对比从句。
2. Structures can be analyzed in terms of how they deal with downward forces created by gravity.
分析:本句主句为“Structures can be analyzed”。“how they deal with downward forces created by gravity”为how引导的宾语从句,做介词of的宾语。
3. Today technology has progressed to the point where it is possible to invent new building materials to suit the type of structure desired.
分析:主句为“technology has progressed to the point”;“where it is possible to invent new building materials to suit the type of structure desired”为定语从句,做the point的定语,关系词为where。 |
社会科学类之其他话题 |
艺术(绘画,雕塑,陶瓷,戏剧,电影,摄影) 历史(考古学/工业化介绍,贸易/经济介绍,农业发展介绍,城市特点,人口变化特点) 心理/生理学 社会学 |
文章标题 |
Depletion of the Ogallala Aquifer(TPO3 Passage2) |
所属话题 |
自然科学类之地质现象 |
文章体裁 |
科技说明文 |
文章结构 |
问题(problem)/解决(solution) |
难度系数 |
文章难度★★★★ 题目难度:★★★★ |
各题型数量 |
词汇题(4题) 直接事实题(4题) 否定排除题(2题) 句子简化题(1题) 修辞目的题(1题) 插入文本题(1题) 摘要题(1题) |
高频话题词 总结 |
settle 定居 semiarid 半干旱的,雨量非常少的 intensity 强度 formation 形成,构成 underlie 位于/存于…之下 extend 延伸 accumulate 堆积,积累 minimal 最小的,极少的 well 井 drought 干旱,旱季 ensue 接着发生,随之产生 irrigation 灌溉 transform 改变 dominate 主导,支配 fatten 喂肥,养肥 unprecedented 前所未有的 finite 有限的 negligible 可以忽略的,微不足道的 recharge 修整,再装填 virtually 几乎 drastically 巨大地,彻底地 necessitate 使…成为必需,需要 periodic 定期的,周期的 withdrawal 收回,撤退 critical 严重的 project 预计,规划 inevitable 不可避免的 depletion 消耗,用尽 conserve 保护 adopt 采用,采取,采纳 profitable 有利可图的,可赚钱的 incentive 动机,诱因 upcoming 即将到来的,即将出现的 uncompetitive 没有竞争力的 release 释放,放开 inject 添加,注入 triple 增至三倍 genetic 基因的 partial 部分的,不完全的 resistant 有抵抗力的,不受…损害的 abundant 充足的,丰富的,富有的 |
长难句 |
1. The Ogallala aquifer is a sandstone formation that underlies some 583,000 square kilometers of land extending from northwestern Texas to southern South Dakota.
分析:主句为“The Ogallala aquifer is a sandstone formation”;“that underlies some 583,000 square kilometers of land”为定语,做a sandstone formation的定语,关系词为that; “extending from northwestern Texas to southern South Dakota”为现在分词短语做定语,做land的定语。
2. Estimates indicate that the aquifer contains enough water to fill Lake Huron, but unfortunately, under the semiarid climatic conditions that presently exist in the region, rates of addition to the aquifer are minimal, amounting to about half a centimeter a year.
分析:主句为“Estimates indicate that…”,其中“that the aquifer contains enough water to fill Lake Huron, but unfortunately, under the semiarid climatic conditions that presently exist in the region, rates of addition to the aquifer are minimal, amounting to about half a centimeter a year.”为that引导的宾语从句,做indicate的宾语;在此宾语从句中“the aquifer contains enough water to fill Lake Huron”和“unfortunately, under the semiarid climatic conditions that presently exist in the region, rates of addition to the aquifer are minimal, amounting to about half a centimeter a year.”并列,由but衔接;“that presently exist in the region”为定语从句,做the semiarid climatic conditions的定语,关系词为that;“amounting to about half a centimeter a year.”为现在分词短语做伴随状语。
3. Others, however, have adopted the philosophy that it is best to use the water while it is still economically profitable to do so and to concentrate on high-value crops such as cotton.
分析:此句主句为“Others have adopted the philosophy”和“the salts are left behind”并列;“that it is best to use the water”为that引导的同位语从句,做the philosophy的同位语;“while it is still economically profitable to do so and to concentrate on high-value crops such as cotton”为while引导的时间状语从句。 |
自然科学类之其他话题 |
地球构造(地壳、构成元素、活动) 气候(城市热岛、天气预报、风向风蚀) 岩土(矿物、土壤、化石、冻土) 火山(成因、预测) 冰川(冰川、海岸线) 沙漠(分类、特例) 海洋(海水保护区,海洋学,海水,海洋能源) 其他天体 |
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