托福写作官网评分标准

iBT/Next Generation TOEFL Test

Within the Independent Writing task, test takers are asked to write about a given topic.  The purpose of this test is to measure the test-takers' ability to state their opinions based on their knowledge or experience.  They should support their opinions with examples and/or details.

 （托福写作考察的是参加考试者根据自己的知识或经验来表达观点的能力，写作内容应该有对应的例子来支持他们的观点。）

Independent Writing Rubrics

(ETS Scoring Standards)

(Score 5)  An essay at this level largely accomplishes all of the following:

--effectively addresses the topic and task

（写作内容能有效阐述主题。）

--is well organized and well developed, using clearly appropriate explanations, exemplifications and/or details

（结构严谨，需要适当清晰的解释，例子或者详细信息。）

--displays unity, progression, and coherence

（展现写作的整体性，事情的发展及文章的连贯性。）

--displays consistent facility in the use of language, demonstrating syntactic variety, appropriate word choice, and idiomaticity, though it may have minor lexical or grammatical errors

 （展现语言使用能力，适当的句式变化，适当的词汇，可以存在少数的词汇或语法错误。）

"ETS uses both human raters and automated scoring methods to offer a complete and accurate picture of an applicant's ability.  While automated scoring models have advantages, they do not measure the effectiveness of the language response and the appropriateness of its content.  Human raters are needed to attend a wider variety of features, such as the quality of ideas and content as well as form."

（ETS使用人为评分和自动评分两种体制来决定参考者的能力，自动评分是有一定好处的，因为自动评分不会受语言或是内容是否适当的影响，人为评分就会参杂进各种各样的因素，比如想法的质量和内容形式是否达到要求。）

"The TOEFL test uses automated scoring to complement human scoring in the Writing Section.  Combining human judgment for content and meaning, and automated scoring for linquistic features, ensures consistent, quality scores."

（在托福写作评分中使用自动评分弥补了人为评分中的不足，结合人为评分在内容和意义上的判断，自动评分可以根据语言特点打分，这样就可以确保一致的有质量保证的分数。）